The Canterbury Tales

184 new terms

Glossary for the readers of this book.

abase
verb
Behave in a way that belittles or degrades (someone).
en: унижавам
abash
verb
make (someone) feel embarrassed, disconcerted, or ashamed.
en: смутен
abate
verb
(of something unpleasant or severe) become less intense or widespread.
en: отслабям
abbess
noun
a woman who is the head of an abbey of nuns.
en: игуменка
abbot
noun
a man who is the head of an abbey of monks.
en: игумен
abject
adjective
1. (of something bad) experienced or present to the maximum degree. 2. (of a person or their behaviour) completely without pride or dignity; self-abasing.
en: жалък
ablution
noun
an act of washing oneself.
en: измиване
abominable
adjective
causing moral revulsion.
en: отвратителен
abound
verb
exist in large numbers or amounts.
en: изобилствувам
abridge
verb
shorten (a piece of writing) without losing the sense.
en: лишавам
absolve
verb
declare (someone) free from guilt, obligation, or punishment.
en: опрощавам
abstain
verb
1. restrain oneself from doing or enjoying something. 2. formally decline to vote either for or against a proposal or motion.
en: Въздържайте се
abstinence
noun
the practice of restraining oneself from indulging in something, typically alcohol or sex.
en: 1. въздържание 2. трезвеност
abundant
adjective
existing or available in large quantities; plentiful.
en: изобилен
accomplice
noun
a person who helps another commit a crime.
en: съучастник
accustomed
adjective
customary; usual.
en: обичаен
acknowledge
verb
1. accept or admit the existence or truth of. 2. recognize the importance or quality of.
en: признавам
acquaint
verb
make someone aware of or familiar with.
en: съобщавам за
acquit
verb
free (someone) from a criminal charge by a verdict of not guilty.
en: оправдавам
admonish
verb
warn or reprimand someone firmly.
en: поучавам
adversary
noun
one's opponent in a contest, conflict, or dispute.
en: противник
adversity
noun
a difficult or unpleasant situation.
en: бедствие
affirm
verb
state emphatically or publicly.
en: твърдя
afflict
verb
(of a problem or illness) cause pain or trouble to; affect adversely.
en: измъчвам
aghast
adjective
filled with horror or shock.
en: ужасен
albeit
conjunction
though
en: макар и
allege
verb
claim or assert that someone has done something illegal or wrong, typically without proof.
en: твърдя
alliance
noun
a union or association formed for mutual benefit, especially between countries or organizations.
en: съюз; връзка
altercation
noun
a noisy argument or disagreement, especially in public.
en: кавга
although
conjunction
in spite of the fact that; even though.
en: въпреки че
amorous
adjective
showing, feeling, or relating to sexual desire.
en: любовен
amortize
verb
gradually write off the initial cost of (an asset) over a period.
en: погасявам
amour
noun
a love affair or lover, especially one that is secret.
en: любов
avarice
noun
extreme greed for wealth or material gain.
en: алчност
awry
adjective
away from the usual or expected course; amiss.
en: изкривен
azure
adjective
bright blue in colour like a cloudless sky.
en: небесносин
bane
noun
a cause of great distress or annoyance.
en: проклятие
beget
verb
(especially of a man) bring (a child) into existence by the process of reproduction.
en: създавам
beguile
verb
charm or enchant (someone), often in a deceptive way.
en: измамвам
beneficent
adjective
(of a person) generous or doing good.
en: благодателен
bequeath
verb
leave (property) to a person or other beneficiary by a will.
en: поверявам
bereaved
adjective
deprived of a close relation or friend through their death.
en: лишен
beseech
verb
ask (someone) urgently and fervently to do something; implore; entreat.
en: умолявам
bewail
verb
express great regret, sadness, or disappointment about (something).
en: оплаквам
bigamy
noun
the offence of marrying someone while already married to another person.
en: двубрачие
blaspheme
verb
speak irreverently about God or sacred things.
en: богохулствам
blithe
adjective
showing a casual and cheerful indifference considered to be callous or improper.
en: весел
boon
noun
a thing that is helpful or beneficial.
en: дар
bountiful
adjective
large in quantity; abundant.
en: щедър
brevity
noun
concise and exact use of words in writing or speech.
en: сбитост
canon
noun
a general law, rule, principle, or criterion by which something is judged.
en: правило
chaste
adjective
abstaining from extramarital, or from all, sexual intercourse.
en: целомъдрен
chattel
noun
(in general use) a personal possession.
en: роб
chivalry
noun
the medieval knightly system with its religious, moral, and social code.
en: рицарство
choleric
adjective
bad-tempered or irritable.
en: раздразнителен
clergy
noun
the body of all people ordained for religious duties, especially in the Christian Church.
en: духовенство
commend
verb
praise formally or officially.
en: поверявам
conjecture
noun
an opinion or conclusion formed on the basis of incomplete information.
en: предположение
constrained
adjective
appearing forced or overly controlled.
en: притеснен
continuance
noun
the state of remaining in existence or operation
en: продължителност
contrite
adjective
feeling or expressing remorse at the recognition that one has done wrong.
en: разкаян
contumacious
adjective
(especially of a defendant's behaviour) stubbornly or wilfully disobedient to authority.
en: скръбен
countenance
noun
a person's face or facial expression.
en: образ
covenant
noun
an agreement.
en: договор
credence
noun
belief in or acceptance of something as true.
en: доверие
creed
noun
a system of religious belief; a faith.
en: символ на вярата
culpable
adjective
deserving blame.
en: престъпен
dearth
noun
a scarcity or lack of something.
en: оскъдица
debonair
adjective
confident, stylish, and charming (typically used of a man).
en: жизнерадостен
defame
verb
damage the good reputation of (someone); slander or libel.
en: клеветя
definitive
adjective
(of a conclusion or agreement) done or reached decisively and with authority.
en: окончателен
deign
verb
do something that one considers to be beneath one's dignity.
en: удостоявам
deity
noun
a god or goddess (in a polytheistic religion).
en: божество
delectable
adjective
(of food or drink) delicious.
en: възхитителен
demur
verb
raise objections or show reluctance.
en: колебание
desist
verb
stop doing something; cease or abstain.
en: преставам
dictum
noun
a formal pronouncement from an authoritative source.
en: мисъл
discomfit
verb
make (someone) feel uneasy or embarrassed.
en: обърквам
discord
noun
disagreement between people.
en: несъгласие
disparage
verb
regard or represent as being of little worth.
en: омаловажавам
dissemble
verb
conceal or disguise one's true feelings or beliefs.
en: лицемерия
diurnal
adjective
of or during the day.
en: дневен
easement
noun
a right to cross or otherwise use someone else's land for a specified purpose.
en: пристройка
engender
verb
cause or give rise to (a feeling, situation, or condition).
en: предизвиквам
enjoin
verb
instruct or urge (someone) to do something.
en: заповядвам
enumerate
verb
mention (a number of things) one by one.
en: изброявам
eschew
verb
deliberately avoid using; abstain from.
en: отбягвам
expound
verb
present and explain (a theory or idea) in detail.
en: поддържам
extortion
noun
the practice of obtaining something, especially money, through force or threats.
en: изнудване
fastidious
adjective
very attentive to and concerned about accuracy and detail.
en: взискателен
felicity
noun
intense happiness.
en: щастие
forbearance
noun
patient self-control; restraint and tolerance.
en: търпение
forgo
verb
go without (something desirable).
en: отказвам се
forswear
verb
agree to give up or do without.
en: отказвам се
forthwith
adverb
(especially in official use) immediately; without delay.
en: незабавно
furlong
noun
an eighth of a mile, 220 yards.
en: мярка за дължина
gage
noun
a valued object deposited as a guarantee of good faith.
en: депозит
gall
noun
bold and impudent behaviour.
en: жлъчка
glutton
noun
an excessively greedy eater.
en: ненаситник
grisly
adjective
causing horror or disgust.
en: мрачен
guile
noun
sly or cunning intelligence.
en: коварство
guise
noun
an external form, appearance, or manner of presentation, typically concealing the true nature of something.
en: вид
hallowed
adjective
made holy; consecrated
en: осветена
harbinger
noun
a person or thing that announces or signals the approach of another.
en: предвестник
hinder
verb
make it difficult for (someone) to do something or for (something) to happen.
en: затруднявам
hindrance
noun
a thing that provides resistance, delay, or obstruction to something or someone.
en: пречка
hoary
adjective
greyish white.
en: побелял
homage
noun
special honour or respect shown publicly.
en: почит
hypocrisy
noun
the practice of claiming to have higher standards or more noble beliefs than is the case.
en: лицемерие
illicit
adjective
forbidden by law, rules, or custom.
en: незаконен
imbibe
verb
drink (alcohol).
en: пия
impious
adjective
showing a lack of respect for God or religion.
en: нечестив
impropriety
noun
failure to observe standards of honesty or modesty; improper behaviour or character.
en: неуместност
impudent
adjective
not showing due respect for another person; impertinent.
en: нагъл
incite
verb
encourage or stir up (violent or unlawful behaviour).
en: подбуждам
inclement
adjective
(of the weather) unpleasantly cold or wet.
en: склонност
indebted
adjective
owing money.
en: задължен
iniquity
noun
immoral or grossly unfair behaviour.
en: грях
ire
noun
anger.
en: гняв
largesse
noun
generosity in bestowing money or gifts upon others.
en: щедрост
lascivious
adjective
feeling or revealing an overt sexual interest or desire.
en: похотлив
laud
verb
praise (a person or their achievements) highly.
en: възхвалявам
lecherous
adjective
having or showing excessive or offensive sexual desire.
en: развратен
licentious
adjective
promiscuous and unprincipled in sexual matters.
en: безнравствен
liege
adjective
concerned with or relating to the relationship between a feudal superior and a vassal.
en: поданик
lien
noun
a right to keep possession of property belonging to another person until a debt owed by that person is discharged.
en: право на задържане
maiden
noun
an unmarried girl or young woman.
en: девойка, девица
malleable
adjective
(of a metal or other material) able to be hammered or pressed into shape without breaking or cracking.
en: отстъпчив
matrimony
noun
the state of being married; marriage.
en: брак
mediate
verb
intervene in a dispute in order to bring about an agreement or reconciliation.
en: посреднича
medley
adjective
mixed; motley.
en: смесен
mendicant
adjective
given to begging.
en: просяк
meritorious
adjective
deserving reward or praise.
en: похвален
nave
noun
the central part of a church building, intended to accommodate most of the congregation. In traditional Western churches it is rectangular, separated from the chancel by a step or rail, and from adjacent aisles by pillars.
en: неф
negligent
adjective
failing to take proper care over something.
en: небрежен
nether
adjective
lower in position.
en: по-ниско
observance
noun
the practice of observing the requirements of law, morality, or ritual.
en: ритуал
ordinance
noun
an authoritative order.
en: наредба
pert
adjective
(of a girl or young woman) attractively lively or cheeky.
en: устат
pertinacious
adjective
holding firmly to an opinion or a course of action.
en: упорит
pertinent
adjective
relevant or applicable to a particular matter; apposite.
en: уместен
petition
verb
present a petition to (an authority) in respect of a particular cause.
en: молба
philistine
noun
a person who is hostile or indifferent to culture and the arts.
en: еснаф
pittance
noun
a very small or inadequate amount of money.
en: подаяние
plenitude
noun
an abundance.
en: пълнота
pomp
noun
ceremony and splendid display.
en: великолепие
precept
noun
a general rule intended to regulate behaviour or thought.
en: заповед
prescient
adjective
having or showing knowledge of events before they take place.
en: който знае предварително
procreate
verb
(of people or animals) produce young; reproduce.
en: раждам
provost
noun
the head of certain university colleges, especially at Oxford or Cambridge, and public schools.
en: кмет
pyre
noun
a heap of combustible material, especially one for burning a corpse as part of a funeral ceremony.
en: клада за игаряне на мъртвец
quibble
adjective
argue or raise objections about a trivial matter.
en: заяждам се
recourse
noun
a source of help in a difficult situation.
en: прибягване
redress
verb
remedy or set right (an undesirable or unfair situation).
en: поправям
remission
noun
the cancellation of a debt, charge, or penalty.
en: опрощаване
replete
adjective
filled or well-supplied with something.
en: изпълнен
retinue
noun
a group of advisers, assistants, or others accompanying an important person.
en: свита
revelry
noun
lively and noisy festivities, especially when these involve drinking a large amount of alcohol.
en: веселба
ribald
adjective
referring to sexual matters in an amusingly coarse or irreverent way.
en: неприличен
salutation
noun
a gesture or utterance made as a greeting or acknowledgement of another's arrival or departure.
en: поздрав
sedate
adjective
calm, dignified, and unhurried.
en: улегнал
severance
noun
the action of ending a connection or relationship.
en: скъсване
similitude
noun
the quality or state of being similar to something.
en: образ
slovenly
adjective
(especially of a person or their appearance) untidy and dirty.
en: небрежен
sophistry
noun
the use of clever but false arguments, especially with the intention of deceiving.
en: софистика
stratagem
noun
a plan or scheme, especially one used to outwit an opponent or achieve an end.
en: хитрост
sundry
adjective
of various kinds; several.
en: няколко
supposition
noun
a belief held without proof or certain knowledge; an assumption or hypothesis.
en: предположение
temperance
noun
abstinence from alcoholic drink.
en: въздържание
temporal
adjective
relating to worldly as opposed to spiritual affairs; secular.
en: слепоочен
thrifty
adjective
using money and other resources carefully and not wastefully.
en: пестелив
tortuous
adjective
full of twists and turns.
en: заплетен
transmute
verb
change in form, nature, or substance.
en: променям формата на
trenchant
adjective
vigorous or incisive in expression or style.
en: язвителен
umbrage
noun
offence or annoyance.
en: сянка
uncouth
adjective
lacking good manners, refinement, or grace.
en: груб
unwieldy
adjective
(of an object) difficult to move because of its size, shape, or weight.
en: тромав
usury
noun
the action or practice of lending money at unreasonably high rates of interest. "the medieval prohibition on usury"
en: лихварство
vainglorious
adjective
excessively proud of oneself or one's achievements; overly vain.
en: славолюбив
variance
noun
the fact or quality of being different, divergent, or inconsistent.
en: промяна
vaunted
adjective
praised or boasted about, especially in an excessive way.
en: прехвалено
venial
adjective
denoting a sin that is not regarded as depriving the soul of divine grace.
en: простим
visage
noun
a person's face, with reference to the form or proportions of the features.
en: лице
wanton
adjective
(of a cruel or violent action) deliberate and unprovoked.
en: разпуснат